1. Influence of tool geometry parameters
The main deflection angle, vice deflection angle and tool tip radius have a direct effect on the surface roughness of the part. In the case of a certain amount of feed, reduce the primary and secondary deflection angle or large tip radius can reduce the surface roughness value. In addition, the appropriate increase in the front and rear angles can reduce cutting deformation and friction on the front and rear surfaces, inhibit the generation of chip tumors, can also reduce the surface roughness value.
2. Influence of accumulated chippings tumor
Accumulation of chippings is referred to in the metal cutting process, there will be some metal from the workpiece fell off the cold welded and laminated in the front surface, which will form a very hard metal accumulation, the hardness of this metal accumulation is the hardness of the workpiece 2 to 3 times, instead of the cutting edge for cutting, but in the continuous cutting process will gradually fall, this metal accumulation is referred to the accumulation of chippings. Accumulation of the shape of the tumor is irregular, may be cut with the workpiece and its size changes, so that in the cutting process of the workpiece will make the surface roughness of the parts to increase the accuracy of the process, in addition to the accumulation of the tumor falls in the process of the process of the most likely to adhere to the surface of the workpiece. So the surface roughness of the parts will increase significantly, thus affecting the performance of the parts.
3. The influence of the workpiece material
Generally speaking, the toughness of the elastic-plastic material processing surface roughness value is larger, while the toughness of the elastic-plastic material processing is easier to obtain a smaller surface roughness value. For the same material, the larger the grain structure, the larger the roughness value of the machined surface. Therefore, in order to reduce the machined surface roughness value, before machining the cutting surface, often the material is tempered or normalized to obtain uniform fine grain organization and greater hardness.
4. Influence of machining conditions
In the cutting process of the workpiece processing, conditions for its surface roughness also has a greater impact.
First of all is the cutting speed, usually cutting speed in the medium-speed section is easy to produce the accumulation of chipping tumor, so in the process of processing to avoid the medium-speed section, according to the actual situation to reasonably increase or reduce the cutting speed.
Secondly, in order to make the surface roughness of the workpiece to reduce can also increase the sharpness of the tool, make the tool in the workpiece cutting process more smooth.
In addition, in the workpiece machining process will also use cooling lubricant, cooling lubricant's main role is to reduce the friction between the tool and chips, thereby reducing the friction between the tool and the machining surface, making the surface roughness of the workpiece is smaller.
The impact of vibration machining will also produce vibration, which is mainly due to the cutting process of the tool on the workpiece generated by the periodic displacement, so that the surface of the workpiece will form a similar corrugated traces. In addition, the workpiece cutting process will also produce a certain amount of vibration within the machine tool, which will make the workpiece cutting process is not balanced, which is manifested in the surface friction of the processed work
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